Research Approach

The iterative, multi-method research approach (see figure below) fed research findings into development of the integrated framework (kete).

Interviews with 50 key informants (managers, planners, tourism operators, academics and other stakeholders) investigated key issues for tourism management and identified useful planning and management approaches.

Literature reviews confirmed a wide range of relevant and useful planning and management approaches and tools to include in the framework (kete).

The research team concluded an integrated approach requires coordinated application of a wide range of tools rather than more common use of a single tool to solve part of a complex problem.

23 small case studies tested the relevance of different tools to New Zealand - looking at places such as Waitomo Caves, Mt Bruce, Karori Wildlife Sanctuary, Fairwell Spit, Pupu Springs, Kaikoura, Punakaiki, Mt Cook and Milford Sound.

Four action case studies demonstrated innovative use of sets of tools and helped evaluate aspects of the framework:

• Great Barrier Island - a participative community visioning exercise
• Ngati Whatua o Orakei - hapu engagement and capacity building
• Tongariro Crossing - a modified Limits of Acceptable Change approach
• The Catlins - implementation of a community-based strategic tourism plan.

Regional workshops provided further opportunities to discuss the content and usability of the framework (kete) with a range of potential users and adapt it in response.

Two further case studies in the coastal-marine environment to test, evaluate and refine the framework (kete).